It is possible to synthesize proteins in vitro (in a test tube) without the use of living cells. If starting from a mature mRNA transcript, which of the following components would not be needed to do this?
A. Adenine molecules.
B. Amino acids.
C. Ribosomes.

C (Ribosomes)

Explanation:

Ideally, protein synthesis is a process that occurs in living cells involving the transcription of DNA into mRNA molecule and a subsequent translation of the mRNA into amino acids, which encodes proteins.

However, in vitro (test tube) production of proteins can be done outside living cells, which means that the site of protein synthesis in living cells called RIBOSOME is not needed for the in vitro procedure.

well, that's easy; the answer's c, "it reduces contamination of the water and substrate of the estuary."